Tellurian.



M. W. HARD.

TELLURIAN.

APPLICATION FILED 00123, I916.

1,259,?1. Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

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Ill/VENTOR Z A TTORIVE Y M. W. HARD.

TELLURIAN.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23. ms.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Arnie ran oFF E MERRILL W. HARD, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE MATLICK TELLURIAN 00., OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, .A CORPORATION OF OREGON.

TELLURIAN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. October 23, 1916. Serial No. 127,064.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MERRILL W. HARD, a

citizen of the United States, residing at useful Improvements in Te1lurians, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to tellurians and, more especially, to improvemnts in the apparatus of this character shown and described in U. S. Patent No. 1,019,981, issued to I. N. Matlick March 12, 1912.

The object of the present invention is the perfecting of such apparatus to render the same more convenient to manipulate and peculiarly serviceable for illustrating to students of astronomy certain movements of the earth and the moon with respect to each other or with relation to the sun.

With these ends in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, adaptation and combination of parts of the operating mechanism of a tellurian, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tellurian embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section of the same, said section being taken substantially through 22 of Fig. 3, and the cover-plate from the rack-casing omitted. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view shown partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section of the support for the frame of the earth and moon spheres and illustrating the releasable driving connections therefor to enable the referred to spheres to be operated in their orbital travel about the sun sphere or independently of the latter and about an axis representing their common center of gravity. Fig. 1 is a detail section through 44 of Fig. 2.

The reference numeral 5 designates a table or stand upon which is rigidly secured a frame having a centrally disposed post 6 and a plate 6 which is formed to provide concentrically arranged rack and rail elements 6 and 6 Journaled on said post is the hub 7 of a rotary frame in the nature of a wheel whose annular rim 7 is integrally connected by radial spokes 7 to the hub.

Adjacent to the rim said spokes are chambered, as at 7 to accommodate toothed pinions 8 and 9 which engage said rack element,

main shaft 11 disposed, preferably, in axial alinement with each other.

Said pinions are, moreover, formed with peripheral ridges 8 and 9 t0 respectively track upon the aforesaid rail element 6 and serving as anti-friction roller supports for the rotary frame. The shaft 10 is journaled, as indicated by 10 and 10 in the adjacent spoke and a sleeve 7 protruding radially from the frame rim 7 Outside of said sleeve the shaft 10 is provided with a wheel 10 having a crank-handle 10 whereby said rotary frame may be most conveniently rotated. through the agency of the pinion 8 and rack element 6 A cover-plate 12, F ig. 1, is detachably secured upon the post 6 by a screw 13 extending through an aperture in the cover and engaging in a threaded hole 1 1 in the post 6. 15 is a standard extending upwardly from the cover-plate to support the sun sphere S.

At the diametrically opposite side of the frame rim 7 from the sleeve 7 is a second sleeve 7 which affords a socket for a tubular arm 17 to which it is removably secured by a set screw 17 Fitted to and rigidly secured on the outer end of the arm 17 is the branch 18 of a yoke piece 18 having another branch 18 whichis bored to serve as the bearing for the tubular hub 19 of a bevel pinion 19 The above mentioned shaft 11 is journaled at one end, as at 20, in a spoke of the rotary frame and also in a bushing 17 provided in said arm, and thence extends into the axial bore of the pinion hub 19.

The part 11 of the shaft which extends through and beyond the hub 19 is of less diameter than the remaining part of the shaft and at the outer end of its reduced portion is screw threaded to receive a thumb nut 21.

The shoulder 19 obtaining on the shaft and the adjacent end 19 of the pinion hub are knurled to provide inter-engageable surfaces which, upon being yuxtaposed by suitably influencing the pinion through the medium of the thumb-nut, will effect the coupling of the pinion to the shaft. 'lVhen the thumb-nut, however, is retracted and the hub disengaged from the knurled shoulder of the shaft, the pinion 19 is rotatable inclependently of the shaft. This pinion meshes with a beveled toothed gear 22 secured to th l we ed 9 ewr ie Sh ft 22 .rhiqh.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

is journaled in the yoke piece 18 and carries the frame member 23 by which the earth shaft 11 when the latter is rotated in its revolution with said rotary frame.

The above-referred-to mechanism including trains of gears 28, for effecting the cooperative movement of the earth and moon spheres, are substantially similar in construction, arrangement and mode of operation to that illustrated in the aforesaid patent. It may be mentioned, however, that the earth sphere E rotates on an i clined axis rod 24, and the moon sphere M is supported for re'voluble vertical movements upon the outer arm 25 of a lever which'is fulcrumed at 2'6 and having its other arm 25 engage with a rotary cam 27' whereby the vertical -n1ove1nents 'of the moon sphere are effected asit is revolved about the axis of the upright shaft 22' in the rotation of the frame 23.

The shaft 22 is located so that the axis thereof when projected will extend through the assumed center of'gravity of the earth and-moon s heres and about whiehthe take their orbital courses in addition to their orbital travel about the sun sphere.

The operation of the invention will, it is thou ht, he understood from the foregoin desoription,

Among the advantages due to my improved devices are, first, the facility and smoothness of o eration of the movable parts of the apparatus derived through the employment of a cranked wheel 10 to impart rotary motion to the rotary frame by means of a pinion 8 engaging a rack to props1 thereby such frame instead of "doing so directly, as hitherto; second, to the use of roller elements 8 and 9 on the driving and driven pinions 8 and 9 to roll upon the circular track 6 for not only supporting the rotary frame b'utalso serve to prevent the teeth of such pinions from undue frictional engagement with the circular rack; third, to the manner or means of disengaging the bevel gear 19 from the shaft '11 to enable .the earth and moon spheres and the mechanism associated therewith to be operated without traveling; about the sun sphere to more clearly demonstrate various phenomena relating to these bodies and their cooperative actions and mutual influences irrespective of the sun sphere.

What I claim is 1. In a tellurian of the character described,

1 non=rotatab1e circular rack, arotaryfraine,

main shaft and a stub shaft carried by said frame, a pinion mo nted upon each of said shafts, and means provided on said stud T te -shaft to onset rotation of said frame through the agency of the respective pinion and said rack whereby the latter actuates theother pinion to impart rotar inotion to the main shaft as it is revolubly carried by said frame.

2. In a tellurian of the character described, a stationary plate formed with circular rail and rack elements, a stationary post disposed concentricall of said circular elements, a frame connected to said post for rotary movement, rollers tracking on said rail and supportin said frame, toothed gears rotatable in unison with the respective rollers, a main shaft connected to one of said gears whereby the shaft is rotated in the revoluble travel of such gear on the rack, and means for rotating the other of said gears and coacting with said rack to impart rotary motion to the frame.

3. In a tellurian of the character described, a stationary circular rack, a post centrally thereof, a frame journal'ed onsaid post, a stub shaft disposed radially of and journaled in said frame, a main shaft journaled said frame in axial alinernent with the aforesaid shaft, toothed gears engaging said rack and mounted on the respective shafts, and a hand wheel carried by said stub-shaft for rotating the associated gear to impart rotary motion to the frame which, in turn, actuates the second gear to rotate the main shaft.

4. In a tellurianhaving a relatively stationary sphere. representing. the sun, bodies representing the earth and moon arranged to revolve about an axis intermediate of each other and also about said sphere, mechanism rendered operative in the revolution of said bodies about the sphere to effect the revolutions of the bodies about said axis, and means included in said mechanism whereby the revolutions of said bodies about the axis may be effected without their revolving about said sphere. p

5. In a telluria'n of the character described, the combination with a relatively stationary sphererepresenting the sun, a stationary circular rack, a frame "rotatable concentritally of said rack, a sleev extending from said frame, a yoke secured to the outer end of said sleeve, bodies epresentin the earth and moon, a sup ort forsaid bodies carried by the yoke, and rotatable on an upright shaft disposed i termediate theaxe'sof said bodies, and meehanismfor rotating the earthy body on its axis to efiect the rise and fall of the moon body in an inclined elliptic, of a main shaft eXten'dmg through said sleeve, a toothed gear mounted on said shaft to gagesaid rack to impart rotary motion to the shaft during; the rotation of said frame," a pair of gears for transmitting rotary mo tion fr'o'in said main shaft to said upright shaft to actuate saidmechanism, and means whereby said pair of gears inay bere'nder'ed temporarilyinoperative to enablesaid meta tions about the sphere, said means also serving to enable the bodies to be revolved about the sphere without having imparted thereto any relative motions between the two bodies. 1

Signed at Detroit, Michigan, this 12 day of October 1916.

MERRILL W. HARD.

anism to be operated to influence said bodies independently of rotation of said frame.

6. In a tellurian of the character described, the combination with the sun sphere, spherical bodies representing the earth and moon, means to actuate said bodies to perform their relative motions with respect to each other, means to revolubly carry said bodies about said sphere, and means whereby the referred to motions of said bodies are operable in unison with or independently of their revolu- Witnesses:

A. J. MCDONOGH, WM. A. SNYDER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Tatents,

Washington, D. G. 

